Leila Afshar

leilaafshar@sbmu.ac.ir

lafshar@gmail.com

 

 

Permanent address

Medical Ethics Departement

Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences

Tehran , Iran

 

Executive Responsibilities:

Director of the Department of Medical Ethics

Dean of the Faculty of Medical Education and Learning Technologies

Head of the Medical Ethics Research Network

Secretary of the University Ethics Council

 

EDUCATION

MD, PhD of Medical Ethics

 

Thesis title: Personhood and Moral status in Transcendental Philosophy ofMolla sadra’s, A Comparative Study on Ethical Challenges at the Beginning of Life.

 

2009- 2013           PhD of Medical Ethics

1988- 1995           Medicine

1984- 1986           Medical lab technician

 

HONOURS

 

Top Medical Ethics PhD Student 2012

 

TEACHING AND RESEARCH INTERESTS

• Ethical issues in beginning of life
• Ethics in medical education and research
• Teaching medical ethics

 

 

PUBLICATIONS

 

Book:

Moral Status of the Human Embryo; SBMU,Tehran,Iran,2015 (in Persian) 

 

 

Book Chapter:

Ethical Issues in Perinatal Tissue Derivation and Regenerative Medicine  in Perinatal Tissue-Derived Stem Cells,  Springer International Publishing Switzerland  2016

 

Research: International Collaboration.  in Encyclopedia of Global Bioethics, Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2015

 

“Personhood an Islamic Perspective”, in Bioethics in Iran: An Application of Islamic Bioethics. EUBIOS , 2014

 

Patient’s Privacy in Health Care Providers and Patients communication. In: Practical Ethics in Iran and Islam. Social and cultural research center, 2010 (in Persian)

 

 

Articles:

 

Explanation of Value conflict resolution experiences of medical teachers in, Kashan Medical University: A Qualitative content analysis, Journal of Developmental  studies in Medical education, 2018; 6(1), Pp 33-46 (in Persian)

 

Applying an Ethical Framework to Herbal Medicine, Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Volume 2018, Article ID 1903629, 7 pages

 

Evaluation of medical ethics doctoral program; a utilization-focused approach, International Journal of Ethics Education, March 2018

 

An overview of ethical issues in Tissue Engineering, J of Applied Tissue Engineering 2018; 5(2)

 

Comparison of Professional Ethics Course in Pharm. D. Curriculum of Selected Pharmacy Faculties,  Educ Res Med Sci. 2017; 6(2): 69-76.

 

The Role of Private Sector in Higher Education; From Quantity and Quality to Access and Social Justice, Journal of Medical Education Winter 2017, Vol. 16, No. 1

 

Children’s Privacy in PediatricWards in Teaching Hospitals Affiliated to Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences: 2014 – 2015. Arch Pediatr Infect Dis. 2017 January; 5(1):e36539.

 

 

Balance Between Confidentiality and Duty to Warn: A Case Commentary on Breast Cancer, Arch Breast Cancer; 2016, Vol. 4, No. 3: 104-107

 

 

Professional Practice of Medical Training in the E-Learning System: The Conceptual Model Based on a Critical Review, Journal of Medical Education Fall 2016; 15(4):214-20

 

Philosophy of Medicine Exam in the Olympiad for Medical Sciences Students: Report of an Experience, Iranian Journal of Medical Education 2016: 16(44) / 388-398

 

A conceptual model of physician-patient relationships: a qualitative study, J Med Ethics Hist Med 9: 14, November 2016

 

Review of Ethical Consideration in Clinical Training; Propose Behavioral Codes in Iranian Educational System, Educational Development of Jundishpur, V 7 N1 Spring 2016

 

Concept Analysis: Professional Formation of Medical Students, BIOSCIENCES BIOTECHNOLOGY RESEARCH ASIA, March 2016. Vol. 13(1), 361-367

 

Medical Oath; the Educational Impact, Journal of Medical Education Winter 2016, Vol. 15, No. 1

 

Professional Behavior Assessment of Residents in Specialized Wards of Imam Reza Hospital in Tabriz Using P-MEX, Journal of Medical Education Fall 2015; 14(4):150-57

 

 

Development of standards of professionalism for the faculty members of

Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Journal of Advances in Medical Education (JAMED) Vol.1, NO.1, Autumn 2015, Page: 52-61

 

 

Value-based Curriculum model from the Viewpoints of Experts in Education of Ethics and Values in Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Iranian Journal of Medical Education 2015: 15(40) / 304-318

 

The relationship between patient advocacy practice of nurses and  their assertiveness, Nasrin.Imanifar, Abolfazle.Vaghar Seyedin, Mostafa.Roshanzadeh, Leila.Afshar. Medical Ethics Quarterly, summer2015, Vo 32 P141-166(in Persian)

 

Concept Analysis: Value Based Curriculum, BIOSCIENCES BIOTECHNOLOGY RESEARCH ASIA, March 2015. Vol. 12(Spl. Edn. 1), p. 123-130

 

 

Critical Interpretive Synthesis of The Concept of Value in Medical Education,   Res Dev Med Educ, 2015, 4(1), 31-3466 (in Persian)

 

 

The standards of professionalism in nursing: the nursing instructors’ experiences, ebcj, vo(4) nu(10) p27-40

 

Moral status of the embryo and time of ensoulment: A new look to Islamic tradition. 13th Asian Bioethics Conference and the 6th UNESCO Asia Pacific School of Ethics Roundtable Proceeding. 2013, pp 223- 227

 

Embryo Donation in Iran: An Ethical Review. Developing World Bioethics, Volume 8 Number 3 2008 pp 192–196

ISSN 1471-8731 (print); 1471-8847 (online)

 

Abortion in Different Islamic Jurisprudence: Case Commentaries. Asian Bioethics Review, December 2011, Volume 3, Issue 4, P: 351–356

 

A Comparison between the effect of teaching ethical principles using narrative ethics and lecture on the morl sensitivity of nurses, Medical Ethics Quarterly, spring 2015, Vo 31 P95-125(in Persian)

 

Nursing ethics priorities from nurses aspects: a national study, Iranian Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine, 2013, Volume 6 issue 3, P 54-63 (in Persian)

 

Personhood and Ensoulment, Medical Ethics Quarterly, Medical Ethics and Law Research Center, 2012, Volume 21 (in Persian)

 

Narrative Ethics; A method for educating medical ethics, Iranian Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine, 2012, Volume 5 issue 5 ,P; 9-16 ( in Persian)

 

Moral Education in Avicenna’s works, Medical History Quarterly, Medical Ethics and Law Research Center, 2011, Volume 3(8), p; 65-91 (in Persian)

 

Ethical Considerations in Educational Researches, Medical History Quarterly, Medical Ethics and Law Research Center, 2011, Volume 3(8), p; 141-172 (in Persian)

 

Ethical Considerations in Medical Education; Patient’s Right in university teaching hospitals, Medical Ethics Quarterly, Medical Ethics and Law Research Center, 2010 Volume 13 (in Persian)

 

Privacy in Research on Human Subjects, Islamic teachings, Rahbord e Farhang Quarterly, Volume 8-9. 2011 p 59-74. (In Persian)

 

 

 

PRESENTATIONS

 

 

• The concept of Physician-Patient Relationship: a Qualitative Study in Islamic Context, THE PATIENT Examining Realities, 5th Global Conference: The Health Project, Monday 5th September – Wednesday 7th September 2016 Mansfield College, Oxford, United Kingdom

 

• Personhood and Moral Status in Transcendent Wisdom of Molla Sadra, Accepted for Oral Presentation in: The Fourth Asian Conference on Ethics, Religion and Philosophy 2014 - Osaka, Japan March 27-30, 2014

 

• Personhood and the Beginning of life, 1^st. International Congress on Reproductive Ethics, Dec 2013. Jahrom University of Medical Sciences

 

 

• Ethical standards of medical educational researches, 14th Asian Bioethics Conference, Chennai, 19-23 November 2013

 

• Embryo reduction in Islamic jurisprudence, 14th Asian Bioethics Conference, Chennai, 19-23 November 2013

 

• Stem cell research in  Islamic jurisprudence; the role of implantation, 14th Asian Bioethics Conference, Chennai, 19-23 November 2013

 

 

• Ethical Priorities in Nursing, Nursing Ethics Congress, School of Nursing and Midwifery SBMU, May 2013

 

• Moral Status of the Embryo, third annual congress of medical ethics, March 2013, Tehran University of Medical Sciences

 

 

• Ethical Analysis of Embryo Donation in Iran. Medical Professional Ethics, Yazd University of Medical Sciences, Jan 2013

 

• Therapeutic Abortion in Different school of Islam, Royan Congress. Dec 2012

 

• Moral status of embryo and time of ensoulment; a new look to Islamic tradition. 13th Asian Bioethics Conference .27-30 August 2012, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

 

• Moral status of embryo and time of ensoulment; a new look to Islamic tradition. 11^th world congress of Bioethics, 26- 29 June 2012. Rotterdam Holland.  Poster presentation.

 

 

• Patients in university teaching hospitals: ethical challenges. 12th Asian Bioethics Conference, 28 September 2011 ~ 1 October 2011, Howard international house, Taipei.Oral presentation.

 

• Privacy in Research on Human Subjects based on Islamic teachings. second annual congress of medical ethics. 2011, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences

 

• Iranian Embryo donation Act. Second congress on Ethics and Assisted reproductive Technologies. 2010, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences

 

• Ethical Challenges of Medical Teaching, 12^th medical Education Congress, 2010, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences.

 

• Patient’s Privacy criteria, 2ed international congress of Medical law, 2009. Shaheed Behashti University of Medical Sciences

 

 

 

 

 

Curriculum Vita

Shabnam Bazmi, MD

Professor of Forensic Medicine & Medical Ethics
Research Director
Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBMU), Tehran, Iran

Email: sh.bazmi@sbmu.ac.ir
Google Scholar: https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=zrvb5DwAAAAJ&hl=en
ORCID:  0000-0002-3736-9376

Last Updated: April 2026

EDUCATION

Degree/Diploma	Field	University	Year
Bachelor of Law	Law	[University name not specified]	2020–2023
Fellowship	Medical Ethics	Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences	2007–2009
Specialty	Forensic Medicine	Tehran University of Medical Sciences	2000–2003
Doctor of Medicine (MD)	Medicine	Shiraz University of Medical Sciences	1992–1999

• National Medical Board Exam: Ranked 3rd, 2003

ACADEMIC APPOINTMENTS

Years	Position	Institution
2023–Present	Research Director, International Vice-Chancellor	Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBMU)
2018–2023	Head, Department of Medical Ethics	Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
2016–Present	Associate Professor	Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
2003–2006	Director Manager, Educational Department	Legal Medicine Organization (LMO)

ADMINISTRATIVE & COMMITTEE MEMBERSHIPS

Years	Role / Committee	Affiliation
Since 2026	Member, Clinical Ethics Committee	Ministry of Health and Medical Education
Since 2020	Member, Ethics in Education Committee	Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
Since 2017	Member, Research Ethics Committee	Legal Medicine Organization
Since 2016	Member, Research Ethics Committee (Skin Research Center)	Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
Since 2016	Member, Research Ethics Committee (School of Public Health)	Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
Since 2016	Member, Medical Board of Medical Ethics	[Institution not specified]
Since 2014	Researcher	Traditional Medicine Research Center
Since 2010	Member, Medical Ethics Committee	Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
Since 2009	Faculty Member	Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
Since 2009	Researcher	Medical Ethics and Law Research Center
2007–2016	Lecturer in Forensic Medicine	Juridicial Science University

TEACHING EXPERIENCE

Years	Course	Audience
2005–Present	Forensic Medicine	Law students
2010–Present	Medical Ethics	Medical students, SBMU
2010–Present	Medical Ethics	Dental students, SBMU
2010–Present	Medical Ethics	Pharmacy students
2013–Present	Medical Ethics	Nursing & Midwifery students
2010–Present	Medical Ethics (advanced topics: research ethics, end-of-life, critical thinking, ethical decision-making)	PhD residents (Medical Ethics)
2010–Present	Ethics in Research	PhD by research residents
2010–Present	Medical Ethics	Dental residents
2010–Present	Medical Ethics	Aging Health students
2003–Present	Forensic Medicine	Medical students, SBMU

PUBLICATIONS & CITATIONS

• Google Scholar Citations: 558
• H-Index (Scopus): 8 | G-Index: 14
• Indexed Articles: 27 Scopus / 14 PubMed / 21 ISI / 55 Google Scholar
• Full list: Google Scholar Profile

Selected Peer-Reviewed Articles (from 49+ total)

1. Modabber M, Bazmi S, Masoudiyekta L, Forouzandeh M. Ethical issues in Iranian pediatrics: a qualitative study. BMC Med Ethics. 2025;26(1):133.
2. Bazmi S, Samadi F, Forouzandeh M. Investigating the Moral Sensitivity of Medical Students. Med J Islam Repub Iran. 2023;37:39.
3. Bazmi S, Kiani P, Enjoo SA, Kiani M, Bazmi E. Assessment of surgery residents' knowledge of medical ethics and law. J Med Life. 2023;16(3):406-411.
4. Gerdfaramarzi MS, Bazmi S, Kiani M, et al. Ethical challenges of cord blood banks: a scoping review. J Med Life. 2022;15(6):735-741.
5. Pooladgar P, Bazmi S. Dealing with Futile Treatments Based on the Humanistic Approach. J Med Edu. 2021;20(1):e111595.
6. Bazmi S, Kiani M, Saidi M, Akrami F. Knowledge and Attitude of Midwives and Obstetricians Towards Therapeutic Abortion Law. Int J Med Toxicol Forensic Med. 2021;11(1):31958.
7. Forouzadeh M, Kiani M, Bazmi S. Professionalism and its role in the formation of medical professional identity. Med J Islam Repub Iran. 2018;32:765-768.
8. Bazmi S, Kiani M, Hashemi Nazari SS, Kakavand M, Mahmoodzade R. Assessment of patients' awareness of their rights in teaching hospitals in Iran. Med Sci Law. 2016;56(3):178-183.
9. Seif-Farshad M, Bazmi S, Amiri F, et al. Knowledge of medical professionalism in medical students and physicians at SBMU. Medicine. 2016;95(45):e5380.
10. Kiani M, Bazmi S, Rezvani S, Naeeji H. A survey on spousal abuse of 500 victims in Iran. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2014;35(1):50-54.

*(Complete list of 49+ articles available upon request or via Google Scholar)*

Books & Book Chapters

Year	Title	Contribution	Publisher
2022	Resolving Ethical Dilemmas (reference book)	Translation (partial)	—
2015	Medical abortion and fetal reduction...	Chapter: Abortion	—
2011	Ethics and law in medicine	Chapter: Confidentiality	Iranian Medical Council
2011	Legal considerations in prisoners' medicine	Chapter: Informed consent	—
2009	Forensic Pathology (2nd ed., Vincent, Dimio)	Translation (1 chapter)	—

THESIS & RESEARCH PROJECTS (Selected)

• Exploring the model of dealing with ethical challenges in Iranian pediatrics
• Ethical challenges of umbilical cord blood stem cell banking (qualitative study)
• Moral sensitivity of medical students (preclinical vs. late clinical)
• Physician-patient relations typology in IRIB representation
• Informed consent in pediatric wards
• Ethical requirements in medical education
• Professional ethics competence questionnaire: design & validation
• Ethical performance of health providers in disasters
• Knowledge of therapeutic abortion law among gynecologists/midwives
• Moral distress among physicians
• And 15+ additional completed projects.

INVITED PRESENTATIONS & CONGRESSES

• 10th Asian Conference on Bioethics & 4th UNESCO Asia Pacific on Ethics (Iran, 2009)
• International Congress of Forensic Medicine of Islamic Countries (Indonesia, 2013)
• International Congress of Forensic Medicine & Medical Toxicology (India, 2006; Iran, biennially 2008–present)
• First International Congress of Islamic Countries (Iran, 2003)
• 15+ oral presentations in Iran (fields: pediatrics, cardiology, OB/GYN, sports medicine, dermatology)

LANGUAGES

• Persian: Native
• English: Professional working proficiency

 

 

 

 

Contact information

 

E-mail:sh_bazmi@sbmu.ac.ir

Cell phone:09122575330

 

 

 

 

CV

 

Dr. Shahriar Mousavinejad

MD, Doctor of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, 1374

PhD, specialized doctorate in medical ethics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, 1400

 

Dissertation topic: Examining the basic and ethical standards of clinical trials and proposing a functional and strategic framework

 

Contact:

Mobile: 09121883363

Email:  shahriar6948@yahoo.com

 

Executive and career records:

1- Faculty of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences

2-Member of Ethics Committee of Azad University - Shahr Quds branch from 1400 until now

3-Member of Ethics Committee of shahid Beheshti medical university - from 1402 until now

4- Member of Ethics Committee of  saveh medical university - from 1402 until now

5-Member of Ethics Committee of azad  medical university of alborz - from 1402 until now

6- Member of Ethics Committee of  alzahra university - from 1402 until now

7-Member of Deputy Committee of NIMAD Ethics Committee (National Institute for Research Development of Medical Sciences of Iran) from 1401 until now

8- The chair man of the medical council of Mallard city from 1401 until now5-Vice Chairman of the Medical Ethics Commission of the Medical Organization of the Islamic Republic of Iran from 1401 until now

9-Member of the disciplinary review board of Tehran province in Pareshki system organization from 2016 until now

10- The chair man of Shahriar-Quds and Mallard medical system for two periods from 2013 to now

11- Head of the dispute resolution council (special for medical crimes) Shahriar branch 11 since 2013

12- Official judicial expert since 2017

13-Member of the Specialized Police Advisory Commission of the Medical System Organization since 2016

14- Head of the primary board of Shahriar-Quds and Mallard medical system organization from 1392 to 1994

 

Teaching Experience:

1- Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, ethics in research, medical ethics

2- Faculty of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Medical Ethics

3- Faculty of Paramedicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Medical Ethics

4- Faculty of Nursing, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Nursing Ethics

5-Mallard Azad University Law School of Forensic Medicine

 

articles:

1-Reviewing the status of professional commitment principles in the physician-patient communication models

S Mousavinejad, M Kiani, S Bazmi

International Journal of Medical Toxicology and Forensic Medicine 9 (4), 181-190 3 2019

2-Assisted reproduction; religious perspectives

LA Shahriar Mousavinejad

Turkish Journal of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation 32 (3), 31963-31980 2021

3-The COVID-19 Pandemic: Commitments of Government Towards the Private Health Sector, with a Look at Iran

S Mousavinejad, M Kiani, S Bazmi

Journal of Iranian Medical Council 4 (4), 342-343 2021

4-A review of Ethical Considerations in Conducting Clinical Trials ethical considerations in clinical trials

SMMRTESGSAEM Kiani

International Journal of Medical Toxicology and Forensic Medicine 2021

5-Complications of illegal abortion in the suburbs of Tehran: A 9-year cross-sectional study

R Rashidpouraie, MV Dastjerdi, A Shojaei, S Saeeditehrani, M Sharifi, ...

Journal of Research in Medical Sciences: The Official Journal of Isfahan... 2021

6-The Challenges of Euthanasia in People under the Age of 18

S Moosavinejad

Med Ethics J 12 (43) 2018

7- Ethical and legal considerations in medical certification of the 4th congress of medical ethics in February 2014

8- Diseases transmitted by organ transplants - the challenge of modern science and medical ethics of the International Congress of Ethics in Science and Technology, December 2016

9- Conflict of interests in modern technologies in treatment and examination of existing challenges, International Congress of Ethics in Science and Technology, December 2016

 

 

Lectures:

1-International Congress of Forensic Medicine, May 1401, ethical considerations in medical research

2- Arak University of Medical Sciences, Shahrivar 1400

3- Retraining of the organization of the medical system of the Islamic Republic of August 1400

4- Retraining of the Medical Organization of the Islamic Republic of Iran in February 2019

5- The Annual Congress of Medical Ethics in Gorgan, Bahman 1998, Infertility and Religions

6- The International Congress of Ethics in Research, Gilan University, Esfand 99

7- Conference of Scientific Association of General Physicians of Iran, November 2019

8-Retraining of professional ethics of the medical community June 1997 satisfaction

9- Retraining of the medical system organization of the Islamic Republic of Iran, November 2018

10-Retraining of the medical system organization of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1997

11- Conference of the Scientific Association of General Physicians of Iran, January 1996

12-Conference of the Iranian General Disciplinary Association August 1996 on disciplinary laws

13- The conference of Iran's Public Disciplinary Association, Mehr 96, on disciplinary laws

14- Law and Ethics Conference of Chamran Hospital, August 2016, disciplinary laws

15-Medical Ethics Retraining of Shahriar Medical System, Tir 96, History and Basics of Medical Ethics

16- Re-education of medical ethics in the medical system of Shahriar, Aban 1995. Consent and confidentiality in medicine

17- Retraining of medical ethics of Shahriar Tir 95 medical system, basics and 4 principles of medical ethics